Torrefied Violin Red Spruce Top

Highest quality Red (Adirondack) Spruce violin top that has been thermally modified (aka “Torrefied”).  We use a temperature of 175C for this process which I think is ideal – at a lesser temperature some benefits of the process may not be realized – more than 175C and the wood is too brittle.  Photo is for reference only – all pieces are unique.